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What is Diabetes?
Not many people know that there are two types of diabetes, Type I and Type 2. Type 1 is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that results in a lack, or complete absence of insulin. However, the reasons are largely unknown as to why the body's immune system attacks itself. destroying over 90% of its own insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Type 2 is the most common one out of the two and this has been linked with obesity.
Either way diabetes is, mainly, the inability of the pancreas to fight blood sugar levels. So what can happen when sugar levels fluctuate?
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High sugar level (hyperglycemia) can lead to a variety of symptoms in the short term, such as blurred vision, and other serious consequences in the long term, such as a heart attack or a stroke. Other long term consequences include damage to the eyes, kidney, nerves or blood vessels.
Low sugar levels (hypoglycemia) can lead to a variety of symptoms including sweating and dizziness. Severely low levels may lead to shaking and/or fainting. Although anyone can be mildly hypoglycemic after not eating for several hours, diabetics can experience more severe hypoglycemia in a variety of situations. These may include:
- Skipping a meal or snack
- Doing unexpected exercise (e.g. running because you're late)
- Taking too much medication
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